Research Citations Database
15 peer-reviewed references indexed by compound and therapeutic area. Each entry links to the primary source on PubMed or the publisher's DOI.
Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity
The STEP 1 trial demonstrated that 2.4 mg weekly subcutaneous semaglutide resulted in a mean body-weight reduction of 14.9% versus 2.4% with placebo at 68 weeks in adults with obesity without type 2 diabetes.
Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes (SELECT)
The SELECT trial showed weekly 2.4 mg semaglutide reduced major adverse cardiovascular events by 20% in adults with established cardiovascular disease and overweight or obesity but no diabetes, establishing cardioprotective benefit independent of glycaemic control.
Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity (SURMOUNT-1)
The SURMOUNT-1 trial showed tirzepatide 15 mg weekly produced a mean weight reduction of 20.9% over 72 weeks, establishing a new benchmark for pharmacological weight management and surpassing all prior single-agent therapies.
Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity
Phase 2 trial of retatrutide (GIP/GLP-1/glucagon triple agonist) demonstrated up to 24.2% body-weight reduction at 48 weeks with the highest dose, exceeding all prior pharmacological benchmarks and approaching bariatric surgery outcomes.
Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC-157 in Trials for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
BPC-157 demonstrated significant mucosal healing and anti-inflammatory effects in both animal models and early clinical observation for inflammatory bowel conditions, with an excellent safety profile at therapeutic doses across all studied routes.
Thymosin Beta4 Activates Integrin-Linked Kinase and Promotes Cardiac Cell Migration, Survival and Repair
TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4) was shown to promote cardiac stem cell migration, angiogenesis, and tissue repair following myocardial infarction in animal models via ILK activation. Demonstrated systemic distribution after subcutaneous administration.
The Human Tripeptide GHK-Cu in Prevention of Oxidative Stress and Degenerative Conditions of Aging
Comprehensive review showing GHK-Cu activates over 4,000 human genes involved in tissue repair, including collagen synthesis, metalloproteinase regulation, and anti-inflammatory pathways. Clinical applications in wound care and skin regeneration reviewed.
Ipamorelin, the First Selective Growth Hormone Secretagogue
Ipamorelin produced a significant, dose-dependent GH pulse in rats comparable to GHRP-6, with minimal effects on prolactin, cortisol, and ACTH — distinguishing it from earlier GHRPs with broader receptor activity and establishing its clean selectivity profile.
Prolonged Stimulation of Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Secretion by CJC-1295
CJC-1295 DAC produced sustained increases in serum GH and IGF-1 levels for up to 6 days after a single injection in healthy adults, with IGF-1 increases of 28–39% maintained for up to 28 days following multiple doses.
Sermorelin: A Synthetic Analogue of GHRH — Phase 2 Clinical Evidence
Review of sermorelin's clinical utility as a GHRH analogue for GH deficiency and anti-aging applications, documenting its favourable safety profile and ability to restore physiological GH pulsatility in adult GH-deficient patients.
Semax Increases BDNF Expression and Exhibits Neuroprotective Effects in Rat Cortex After Ischemia
Intranasal Semax significantly upregulated BDNF mRNA expression in rat cerebral cortex after ischemic injury and demonstrated neuroprotective effects, supporting its clinical use in Russia for stroke recovery and cognitive enhancement.
Selank Modulates GABA and Serotonin Systems to Produce Anxiolytic Effects Without Tolerance
Selank produced dose-dependent anxiolytic effects comparable to benzodiazepines in rodent models without tolerance or dependence, mediated via interaction with GABA and serotonin neurotransmitter systems.
Epitalon (Epithalon) Activates Telomerase and Prolongs the Lifespan of Animals and Humans
Epithalon (Epitalon) treatment activated telomerase in human somatic cells, extended telomere length, and produced a 13% increase in median lifespan in mice. Human longitudinal studies showed reduced mortality over 6-year follow-up.
Thymalin Restores Immune Function and Reduces Mortality in Elderly Patients — 6-Year Follow-Up
A 6-year longitudinal study of elderly patients receiving annual thymalin injections demonstrated significant immune restoration, reduced incidence of age-related disease, and a 2-fold reduction in mortality versus untreated controls.
AOD-9604 Fragment hGH(176-191): Lipolytic Activity Without Insulin or IGF-1 Effects
AOD-9604 (hGH176-191) stimulates lipolysis and inhibits lipogenesis in rat adipocytes without affecting IGF-1 levels or insulin sensitivity, suggesting a favourable safety profile compared to full hGH for fat loss applications.
Research Context Disclaimer
Study summaries are provided for educational purposes only. Results from animal models may not translate to humans. Clinical trial data reflects specific populations under controlled conditions. Always consult primary literature and a qualified healthcare professional for clinical decisions. PMID numbers link directly to PubMed; DOI numbers link to the publisher.
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